Menstrual Cycle Hormone Changes x Pelvic Floor Symptoms
Understanding the Impact of Your Menstrual Cycle on Pelvic Floor Symptoms
Do you ever notice that your pelvic floor symptoms may flare up and then suddenly settle down again. Now, have you ever noticed that this fluctuates depending on where you are in your cycle.
For many women, fluctuations in hormonal levels throughout the cycle can influence various aspects of well-being, including pelvic floor symptoms.
As a women’s health physiotherapist, I often encounter patients who experience changes in pelvic floor symptoms related to their menstrual cycle. Understanding these connections can help manage symptoms more effectively and improve overall quality of life.
How Hormones Affect the Pelvic Floor
The menstrual cycle involves complex hormonal changes that can impact the pelvic floor in several ways. Here’s a closer look at how different phases of the cycle can influence pelvic floor symptoms:
1. Follicular Phase (Days 1-14)
Hormonal Changes: The follicular phase begins on the first day of menstruation and lasts until ovulation. During this time, estrogen levels start to rise, promoting the development of the ovarian follicles.
Pelvic Floor Impact: As estrogen levels rise, some women may benefit from this and it helps to reduce their leaking. For others it can worsen it.
How does that work?
It is because there are many reasons why we may leak.
For some women, a boost in estrogen can help leaking by helping the vascularisation of the external urethral sphincter, aka the muscle which helps hold onto our wee.
For others, a boost in estrogen means that the connective tissue that supports the urethra becomes more mobile and it can’t close as effectively during a cough or a sneeze.
If this makes zero stress, don’t worry, we can explain it for you during our consult with the worlds worst drawings.
But the main take away is depending on if you are worse or better during this time, we can target our treatment accordingly.
2. Ovulation (Around Day 14)
Hormonal Changes: Ovulation occurs roughly midway through the menstrual cycle, characterized by a peak in estrogen and the release of an egg from the ovary.
Pelvic Floor Impact: Some women experience pelvic pain during ovulation
3. Luteal Phase (Days 15-28)
Hormonal Changes: Following ovulation, the luteal phase is marked by increased production of progesterone, which helps prepare the uterus for a potential pregnancy. If pregnancy does not occur, progesterone levels will eventually drop, leading to menstruation. Towards the end of this phase we are in a low estrogen and low progesterone state
Pelvic Floor Impact: Increased levels of progesterone can lead to the bowels becoming more sluggish and increase constipation. Low levels of estrogen towards the end of this phase can lead to decreased lubrication and sex may feel drier or more comfortable.
Common Pelvic Floor Symptoms Related to the Menstrual Cycle
1. Urinary Incontinence
Hormonal changes can affect the strength and function of the pelvic floor muscles. Some women may experience increased urinary leakage or urgency during certain phases of their menstrual cycle.
2. Pelvic Pain
Changes in hormone levels can exacerbate pelvic pain, particularly for those with conditions like endometriosis or pelvic floor dysfunction. Pain may be more pronounced around ovulation or just before menstruation.
3. Vaginal Dryness or Irritation
Fluctuations in estrogen can lead to changes in vaginal moisture levels, resulting in dryness or irritation. This can affect comfort during sexual activity or daily activities.
4. Constipation or Bowel Changes
Hormonal shifts can impact digestive function, leading to symptoms such as constipation or changes in bowel habits. This can contribute to pelvic discomfort and pressure.
Managing Pelvic Floor Symptoms During Your Cycle
1. Track Your Symptoms
Keeping a menstrual diary can help you identify patterns in your pelvic floor symptoms related to your cycle. Note when symptoms occur, their severity, and any potential triggers. This information can be valuable for tailoring treatment and management strategies.
2. Pelvic Floor Exercises
We can tailor pelvic floor exercises to your pelvic floor state. This may mean strengthening to learning to relax them depending on your symptoms. A physiotherapist can guide you in performing these exercises correctly and incorporating them into your routine.
3. Address Hormonal Imbalances
Consult with your healthcare provider if you suspect hormonal imbalances are contributing to your symptoms. They may suggest hormonal treatments or lifestyle changes to help manage symptoms.
4. Pain Management Techniques
For pelvic pain related to your menstrual cycle, consider using heat therapy, gentle stretching, or relaxation techniques. A physiotherapist can recommend specific exercises or modalities to alleviate discomfort.
5. Dietary and Lifestyle Adjustments
Maintaining a balanced diet and staying hydrated can support digestive health and reduce symptoms like constipation. Regular physical activity can also help manage pelvic floor symptoms and improve overall well-being.
When to Seek Professional Help
If you experience severe or persistent pelvic floor symptoms that interfere with your daily life, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional. A women’s health physiotherapist can provide a comprehensive assessment, offer personalised treatment options, and help you develop a management plan tailored to your needs.
Takeaways.
Understanding how your menstrual cycle impacts your pelvic floor symptoms is key to effectively managing and alleviating discomfort. By tracking your symptoms and incorporating targeted strategies, you can better navigate the hormonal fluctuations and improve your pelvic health. If you have any concerns or need support, don’t hesitate to reach out to a women’s health physiotherapist for expert guidance and care.
Feel free to contact me if you have questions about managing pelvic floor symptoms or need personalized support. Together, we can work towards a healthier and more comfortable you.
